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rio car dot org FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)



Category: Main -> Hijack Kernel Questions
Search the FAQ
Question
·   About Hijack FAQ.
·   What is the Hijack Kernel?
·   What features does Hijack offer?
·   What does Hijack require to work?
·   Where can I get Hijack?
·   Is it dangerous to install Hijack or a hacked Kernel?
·   How do I install Hijack?
·   Is there a way to automatically update Hijack with the newest release?
·   How do I access Hijack's menu on the empeg/RioCar?
·   What do all of the Hijack menu items do?
·   How do I configure Hijack's options?
·   What options for Hijack are available in config.ini?
·   What does ir_translate do and how do I configure it?
·   How do I access the built in FTP server, and what can I do with it?
·   How do I access the built in web (HTTP) server, and what can I do with it?
·   How can I secure my player if i'm on a LAN?
·   Why am I getting a "Hijack Config Error" message at boot up?
·   Why doesn't the temperature ever change in 'Vital Signs'?
·   What are the Patch files for (as opposed to the .zimage files)?
·   I can't get the Restore Visuals feature to work!
·   What other Userland Apps have been made to work with Hijack?
·   How can I compensate Mark Lord for this work of genius?
·   How do I adjust the VolAdj settings, and what do they mean?
·   FAQ Changelog

Answer
·  About Hijack FAQ.
 (Entry last updated on February 15th, 2002)

This FAQ is not maintained by Tony Fabris or Mark Lord, so don't bug them about it. They're both busy enough as it is, which is why i'm writing this, not them. It's maintained by me, Loren Cox.

It's in it's infancy at the moment, and will grow over time to envelop the entire known galaxy.

I am not a programmer and don't pretend to be, so there may be people reading this who understand the innerworkings of Hijack better than I do. I take critique well and welcome any and all suggestions and additions. You can PM me on the empeg BBS, my username is loren, or email me at loren @ skivvies . com (minus the spaces).

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·  What is the Hijack Kernel?
 (Entry last updated on March 14th, 2002)

Hijack is a hacked empeg/RioCar kernel written by Mark Lord that adds a host of new features to the empeg/RioCar. It includes Richard Lovejoy's VolAdj hack, IR translation so you can use third party remotes and remap buttons, a game, a built-in FTP and HTTP server, Christian Hack's v1.0 DelayTime hack (as of v201), Brian Mihulka's lighted button hack (as of v202), Genexia's Bass and Treble Tone adjustment hack, an easy way to attach other userland apps, and a bunch of additional features accessible through it's own menu system.

If the word "kernel" scares you... don't worry. Simply put, Hijack adds a slew of new features to your player at no risk, and is easy to install. It fixes many of the problems with the player software that people have complained about in the past. It's simple on the surface, so anyone can use it, and if you aren't afraid of doing a little config.ini modifacation or coding of your own, it's an incredibly powerful tool.

Who is Mark Lord? Well... in Mark's own words:
"I've been hacking Linux as a member of the core Linux kernel development team since 1992, best known as the original "Linux IDE Guy", writing/maintaining the drivers for ATA/IDE disks, tapes, cdroms, etc.. I wrote my first Pong implementation on an Apple-II computer in 1981. So, I guess I do have a little experience with this stuff."

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·  What features does Hijack offer?
 (Entry last updated on March 14th, 2002)

This is a basic list, descriptions will be added:

Auto Volume Adjust
Bass and Treble adjustment
Break-Out game (for red-lights, and passengers on long drives)
Button Codes Display (raw, untranslated values)
Calculator (simple, integers only)
Countdown Timer (auto on/off, alarm)
Filesystem Check on Sync: Enable/Disable
Font Display
Force DC/Car Mode
Vital Signs
High Temperature Warning
Knob Press Redefinition (great for in-car, with tons of options)
Quicktimer feature using the '4' button
Reboot Machine
Restore DC/Car Visuals
Screen Blanker (prevents burn-out after end of playlist)
Vital Signs
Long Knob Press (2+ seconds) cycles among input sources
IR translations for "foreign" remotes in config.ini
Different translations for long/short presses, Tuner/Aux/Main, shift-lock, etc..
Initialization keypress macros from config.ini
Current track information in /proc/empeg_notify
Built-in FTP and HTTP servers, with resume download capability
User programmable PopUp menus via ir_translate
Playlist browsing/streaming/m3u via khttpd
Popup message when [ir_translate] in config.ini has errors
Popup message for [hijack] option errors in config.ini
Intercepts config.ini and edits-in-place for ;@AC/;@DC/;@HOME/;@WORK

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·  What does Hijack require to work?
 (Entry last updated on February 15th, 2002)

It only requires an empeg/RioCar with any version of 2.00-beta software already installed (it will not work with 1.0 versions). It works on all revisions of the empeg hardware: Mk1, Mk2, Mk2a (Riocar). If you've got everything to install the empeg software and connect to the player with emplode, then you've got all you need.

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·  Where can I get Hijack?
 (Entry last updated on February 14th, 2002)

At Mark Lord's website. Mark always has the newest version up on the site.

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·  Is it dangerous to install Hijack or a hacked Kernel?
 (Entry last updated on February 14th, 2002)

Not at all. Installing Hijack only flashes the Kernel in memory and does nothing to the actual hard drive or directory structure. If something gets screwed up, you can simply reapply an empeg 2.00-beta upgrade and you'll be back to normal.

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·  How do I install Hijack?
 (Entry last updated on February 18th, 2014)

EASY!
MS-Windows users: Use Tony Fabris' Empeg Logo Editor to install the Hijack Kernel. Snag it from the Downloads section of this site here (and you should probably check out Tony's FAQ entry on the subject). Follow these simple directions:

  1. Connect the serial cable that came with the empeg/RioCar to your computer and to the player.
  2. Plug the Power cable up to the player.
  3. Startup the Empeg Logo Editor program.
  4. Select the appropriate COM port from the File -> Select COM Port menu
  5. Select File -> Kernel flash utility, read the warning, and click yes if you haven't already disabled it.
  6. Logo Editor will prompt you for the .zImage file. Find it and click Open.
  7. The kernel will be installed, and the player rebooted. If the Logo Editor doesn't find the empeg/RioCar, unplug the power and plug it back in.
  8. YOU DID IT! Easy as pie.
Linux/Unix Users: Grab the download.c source code (original Linux version here, alternate versions here), and compile and run it under Linux as follows:
cc -o download download.c
## Power OFF your player, and connect up the factory serial cable
./download ZZZZZZZZZZ.zImage 10000
## The program will now prompt you to power up the player
Of course, you'll have to replace the 'ZZZZZZZZZ' with the correct kernel filename. The commands may be slightly different depending on which flavor of Unix you're running.

Mac/Other users: You're SOL for the time being (unless there's a way i'm not aware of). It's being discussed as an addon to Jemplode at the moment. I'll keep ya posted.

FTP
Once you've got Hijack installed, it will allow you to perform future kernel updates via ethernet, which is much faster than flashing via serial connection.

To update via FTP, you simply FTP the kernel .zimage to /proc/empeg_kernel which is a device node that Hijack creates (note that empeg_kernel is NOT a directory). If you're doing it command line style, you'd use something like this (where v135.hijack... is the actual file name of the kernel):
binary
put v135.hijack...zImage /proc/empeg_kernel
If you're using a graphical FTP client, then you'll want to rename the .zimage file to "empeg_kernel", then just upload it to /proc and it will overwrite the current kernel.

If it doesn't work, try pausing the player before uploading (flashing). The kernel will be flashed and the player will reboot. If it doesn't automatically reboot, then manually reboot the player to apply the new kernel.

Remember, it will show up as a FILE in your graphical FTP client, not a directory or device.

NOTE: By default, the Hijack FTP and HTTP servers only run when the player is in AC/HOME mode. If you are having trouble accessing these features, check to make sure the player isn't in DC/CAR mode.

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·  Is there a way to automatically update Hijack with the newest release?
 (Entry last updated on March 14th, 2002)

Once you have a Hijack Kernal installed, yes. There are two ways at present:

AutoHijack
AutoHijack is a handy Python script written by Gary Boone that will check the Hijack website for new versions of the kernel. If it finds one that is newer than the one on your empeg, AutoHijack will automatically download and install it to your empeg. It requires a Python installation which can be had from python.org or activestate.com, and for a Hijack Kernal to be installed on your empeg/RioCar.

v5 of AutoHijack can be had from the downloads section of Riocar.org. Follow the instructions in the README file, and you should be good to go.

Jemplode
Jemplode, the opensource Java based emplode clone, now includes the ability to autoupdate Hijack. Simply go to Tools -> Options, and check "Autoupdate Hijack"... make sure you have the right Hijack Mk version for your player, and everytime you sync, Jemplode will check to see if there's a new Hijack, and update if necessary.

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·  How do I access Hijack's menu on the empeg/RioCar?
 (Entry last updated on February 16th, 2002)

To access the Hijack menu system, press and hold-in either the rotary KNOB, or the (Rio remote) MENU button, until the menu appears. Alternatively, press/release the (Kenwood remote) CD button three times in succession to activate the menu. Once in the menu system, navigate using either the KNOB, or the NEXT/PREV track buttons on the remote. To activate a menu selection, press the KNOB (or CD or MENU button on the remote). To exit from the menu, either wait 5 seconds, or press the front-panel TOP button or (Kenwood remote) '*' or (Rio remote) CANCEL button

Most menu functions utilize the same buttons (KNOB, NEXT/PREV track to move around, CD or MENU to select, TOP or '*' or CANCEL to quit).

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·  What do all of the Hijack menu items do?
 (Entry last updated on March 17th, 2002)

In addition to the menu items below, a Long Knob Press (2+ seconds) cycles among input sources (Player, Aux, and Tuner if available).

Any one of these menu items can be deleted with menu_remove option in config.ini. See this faq entry.

Auto Volume Adjust
Allows you to set the Auto Volume Adjustment amount of Richard Lovejoy's percieved volume adjustment hack (which is actually a real time dynamic range compressor, as discussed in this FAQ entry), displays a real time graph of the Current Multiplier value, which is displayed numerically at the bottom of the screen. Settings are Off, Low, Medium, and High, the values of which are configurable in config.ini. (Full FAQ entry coming)

Break-Out Game
An empeg version of the classic Break-Out game. Control the paddle left and right with the knob, or with the |<< and >>| buttons on either the Rio or Kenwood remote. See if you can beat it, there's a surprise at the end!

Button Codes Display
Displays the hexidecimal codes that the empeg/RioCar recieves from IR input as well as from button pushes on the front panel. Press a button on your remote and the corresponding code will be displayed on screen. The empeg/RioCar percieves two button states, press, and release, so the first code you'll get will be the button press, and the second will be the release. Release codes begin with "8" and can be ignored, as ir_tranlate handles them automagically. Leading zeroes can be stripped off as well, so a press that returns "00AD5242" can be placed in ir_translate as "AD5242". You can use these codes with ir_translate to map one button to something else. It also displays a button-event counter.

Any remote that you get a code from can be translated. Not all remotes will work as the empeg only sees a certain range of frequencies, and the IR driver (empeg_input.c) doesn't "recognize" the IRDA format, so it just tosses the bits that it sees.

Button Illumination Level
Enables and set the level of the button LED button hack, IF you have it installed of course. Brian Mihulka provides the kits, which you can get info on and order at his website. This does not affect the brightness of the LED's when in standby mode... where they will default to the dimmest setting. You can modify this with the buttonled_off option in config.ini. See the config.ini entry for more info.

Calculator
A simple calculator that you'll need your remote to use. It has +, -, *, /, and % functions. Michael Tempsch wrote up an excellent doc on the calculator, which can be found here.

Countdown Timer Action
Sets what the Countdown Timer does when it expires. Options are beep alarm, and toggle standby. This can be used as an alarm clock which will beep, or start playing if your player is in standby mode when the Timer expires. Or it can be used as a sleep timer if the player is playing and the action is set to toggle standby when the timer expires.

Countdown Timer Timeout
Sets the amount of time until the Countdown Timer Action is triggered. Default is [Off]. The timer increments in 1 minute intervals from 1-5 minutes, 5 minute intervals from 5-60 minutes, 15 minute intervals from 60 minutes to 5 hours, and 30 minute intervals from there on out.

Can also be set with the "Quick Timer" function by holding down "4" on your remote, then using |<< and >>| to set the amount of time until the Countdown Timer Action will be triggered. Pressing "4" on the remote will cancel the "CountDown Timer" (with a confirmation tone and popup) if it was already running.

Filesystem Check on Sync
Sets whether or not the empeg/RioCar will do a full filesystem check (e2fsck) every 20-30 syncs.

Font Display
Does what it says, and that's about it.

Force AC/DC Power Mode
Allows you to force the player into thinking it's on either AC/Home or DC/Car power when it isn't, and shows what the current mode is. This is useful if you have the hardware failure where the empeg thinks the AC plug is always plugged in, and therefore will always boot in AC/Home mode (see this FAQ entry). Also useful for testing purposes.

Options are Normal, Force AC/Home, and Force DC/Car.

High Temperature Warning
Allows you to set the temperature at which the High Temperature warning is triggered. When triggered, it will overlay an audio beep to the playing track and display a flashing "Too Hot" warning. The settings are shown in both Celsius and Fahrenheit. It also displays the current temperature, and what the temperature is auto-corrected by (-4C°/-7F° being the default, which is configureable in config.ini).

Home/Work Location
Sets which option will be activated in config.ini after reboot, those marked with ;@HOME or ;@WORK. (see this FAQ entry for more on config.ini)

Knob Press Redefinition
Allows you to change what happens when you do a quick press of the volume knob. Choices are as follows:

[default]: The normal settings without the Hijack kernel, which cycles through volume, loudness, balance, and beep settings.

PopUp0: Pops up a menu with the following options by default: Clock (displays clock), Info (switches to next info mode, KnobSeek (if selected, knob will act as seek on remote to switch to next or previous tracks), Mark (marks track for attention), NextSrc (goes to next Source), Shuffle (toggles shuffle on or off), VolAdj (allows you to change VOLAdj settings, and Visual (switches to next visual). This is handy when you don't have a remote on you. You can also redefine PopUp0 in config.ini under the [ir_translate] section. (see this FAQ entry)

VolAdj+: Pops up a quick menu to allow you to switch the current Volume Adjustment level to [Off], Low, Medium, or High.

Details: Shows the detailed track info screen. (same as Info/Detail button on Rio Remote)

Info: Switches the current Info mode. (same as Info button on the Rio Remote)

Mark: Marks current track. (same as Cancel/Mark button on the Rio remote)

Shuffle: Toggles current shuffle mode on or off. (same as 0/Shuffle button on the Rio remote)

NextSrc: Switches to next available source: Player, Tuner (if available), and Aux.
Left/Right Time Adjustment
Allows you to adjust the settings for Christian Hack's v1.0 DelayTime hack, which delays the audio output either to the right or left channel by miliseconds so that you can "center" the soundstage. Time delaying front or back is not possible due to a hardware limitation in the DSP, so don't ask for it.

Reboot Machine
Power cycles the empeg/RioCar after pressing and holding the left and right buttons on the face of the player, or 2 on the remote. Any other button aborts.

Restore DC/Car Visuals
Subverts the default function of the empeg/RioCar not showing a visual when booted in DC/Car mode, as is described in this FAQ entry. Can be set to either Active or Inactive.

There is currently a bug in 2.00-beta11 which prevents this from working all the time. It has been fixed in the next release.

Screen Blanker Sensitivity
Allows you to set the percentage of the screen which has to be inactive for the amount of time set in the Screen Blanker Timeout Menu after which Hijack will trigger it's screen blanker function. This simply blanks out the VFD, but the player will continue playing. Range is from 65% to 100%. If it is set to 100%, then any activity on the screen, including incrementing counters, will prevent the screen from blanking out.

The whole point of course being to prevent "burn-in" on the VFD.

Screen Blanker Timeout
Sets the amount of time that the percentage of the screen set in the Screen Blanker Sensitivity menu has to be inactive for the Screen Blanker to activate. Increments are in 15 seconds all the way up to 15:45 (fifteen minutes, 45 seconds).

Show Flash Savearea
Displays the Flash Savearea in realtime. Highlighted bits are those being written to at that moment. You can scroll down using the volume knob or |<< and >>| on the remote. Useful for debugging.

Tone: Bass Adjust and Tone: Treble Adjust
Allows for basic Bass and Treble tone adjustments on the player, instead of the more complicated Equilizer. This does not affect your current EQ settings, it simply works on top of them. The code to allow this was provided by BBS member genixia, and for more information on how this code works, see his description in this thread.

Vital Signs
Displays the following information:

(Player Model Mk1, Mk2, Mk2a):(Hard Drive sizes), (Current Temp in C°/F°)
Playlist:(FID of current playlist), Fid:(Fid of current song)
Cac:(Linux VM page cache), Buf:(# pages used as buffers), Fre:(# of free pages)
LoadAvg:(CPU load average over past minute) (5 minutes) (15 minutes)

Fid is only displayed if the "notify=1" option is set in config.ini.

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·  How do I configure Hijack's options?
 (Entry last updated on February 16th, 2002)

All of Hijack's options that aren't configured in the menu system are setup by editing the player's config.ini file (i.e. [ir_translate], [output], and [hijack] options listed in the next FAQ entry).

See this FAQ entry on how to edit config.ini.

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·  What options for Hijack are available in config.ini?
 (Entry last updated on March 29th, 2003)

Configuration options for Hijack generally follow the config.ini format as follows:

[section]
option=variable ;comment
Any option in config.ini can be modified with one of the following:
;@AC
;@DC
;@WORK
;@HOME
Hijack intercepts config.ini as it is read by the player on startup, and edits the file in-memory using ;@AC, ;@DC, ;@HOME and ;@WORK directives. If the "Home/Work Location" menu is set for ;@HOME, then lines beginning with ;@HOME will be enabled, otherwise lines beginning with ;@WORK will be enabled. If the player is on AC power (plugged into the wall), then lines beginning with ;@AC will be enabled; if it's on DC power (in the car/docking sled), then lines beginning with ;@DC will be enabled. This means the trailing portion of those lines will be passed to the player, and the next existing line (if any) lower in the file with the same setting will be commented out. Which allows things like this:
[network]
;@HOME DHCP=0
;@WORK DHCP=1
DHCP=0

[hijack]
;@AC fake_tuner=1
;@WORK kftpd_password=n0H4cKz
;@AC ;@HOME DHCP=0
;@AC and ;@DC get processed first, then ;@HOME and ;@WORK.

The logic for this is clever enough to only do the edit when the player itself is reading config.ini on startup, so this will not affect emptool, emplode, ftp, or http access to config.ini.

The following is a complete (i hope) listing of all Hijack options available to add to config.ini, under what section they go, as well as a brief description. Generally, 1=on, 0=off.

Section Option Description
[output] notify=1 Allows access to /proc/empeg_notify on the player, which is created by the Hijack kernel. The data shown in /proc includes track name/fid/position/artist/album/etc.. the same is dumped to the serial port by notify=1. Also allows for initial sequences of button presses to be run as soon as the player starts up with "Initial=xxxxx" lines in IR_Translate. Also shows FID in Vital Signs screen. If you're trying to get serial output when docked in the sled, make sure you also have [serial]car_rate=115200 in your config.ini
[ir_translate] xxxxxxxx=vvvvvvvv This button just sends "v" when "x" is pressed
xxxxxxxx=yyyyyyyy,zzzzzzzz,wwwwwwww This button sends "y","z", and "w" when "x" is pressed.
PopUp0=Info,Mark,xxx,... This creates a PopUp menu containing the items definded.

You can define up to 4 PopUps by numbering them: PopUp0, PopUp1, PopUp2, and PopUp3

Menus can be nested.

This menu can be attached to any button via translation for Example: "Bottom.L=PopUp0" equates to a long press of front-panel bottom button pops up a menu.

To attach this menu to the "quick knob press" (as was the default until v154), just go into the main Hijack menu and select "PopUp0" in the "Knob Press Redefinition" menu. The default settings for PopUp0 are: Clock (displays clock), Info (switches to next info mode, KnobSeek (if selected, knob will act as seek on remote to switch to next or previous tracks), Mark (marks track for attention), NextSrc (goes to next Source), Shuffle (toggles shuffle on or off), VolAdj (allows you to change VOLAdj settings, and Visual (switches to next visual). This is handy when you don't have a remote on you.
For Full details on how to configure the ir_translate section, see this FAQ entry.
[hijack] buttonled_off=n Sets the illumination level of the LED's when the player is in standby if you have Brian Mihulka's (or your own) button LED hack installed. n is an integer from 0 to 7. Without this entry, the buttons will remain illuminated at the lowest level when the unit is in standby.
button_pacing=20
(removed in v289)
Default value shown; (1/100ths of a second)
With very long macros in [ir_translate], the player software may sometimes discard button presses mid-sequence. To help prevent this, the translation code inserts small delays between button press/release pairs in the data stream it feeds to the player. In the event that the default value proves too short, it can be modified with this option.
dc_servers=1 Allows kftpd/khttpd to run in DC/Car mode, which is off by default otherwise.
disable_emplode=1 Disallows emplode access via ethernet. Blocks TCP port 8300 (Emplode/Emptool)
extmute_on=xxxxxxxx Buttoncode to inject when EXT-MUTE goes active.
Example: When empeg/RioCar's mute line is triggered as on (as setup in emplode), you could have the empeg switch to AUX instead of muting the player.
extmute_off=xxxxxxxx Buttoncode to inject when EXT-MUTE goes inactive.
ir_debug=1 Output to help debug IR/button issues.
This will spew raw IR codes to the serial port, along with some internal state flags and such. You can ignore most everything except the first 8-digit value on each line (the raw press/release codes). This debug data comes straight from the Hijack IR handler.
spindown_seconds=30 Drive spindown timeout in seconds for hard drives (default shown).
Since kftpd/khttpd can leave them spinning "forever" otherwise. A value of 0 disables automatic spindown.
fake_tuner=1 Makes empeg/RioCar think it has a tuner attached when it really doesn't. Allows people to see what the tuner functionality looks like (display, menus, etc..) before purchasing an expensive tuner module, and use of the "PrevVisual" button translation (coming soon in Hijack), which only works via the tuner interface. Also allows trace_tuner if you don't have a tuner. If you have a tuner and "fake_tuner" is activated, it will silently reset "fake_tuner=0" and continue.
trace_tuner=1 Hijack will dump out incoming packets from the Tuner/Stalk to serial interface (/dev/ttyS0). Eventually, Mark'll add button emulation for these codes, enabling the [ir_translate] facility to operate on them.
old_style=1 Use "original style" of hijack menus in which menu items weren't "highlighted".
quicktimer_minutes=x Amount of minutes to increment the quicktimer function by when |<< or >>| is pressed on the remote after activating the Quicktimer option by holding "4" on the remote.
standby_minutes=30 Number of minutes to automatically stop the player and put unit in standby after the screen blanker fires (default shown). When playlist completes, screen blanker begins countdown regardless of screen activity, then it triggers standby counter.
temperature_correction=-4 Adjust all hardware temperature readings by this celcius amount (default value shown).
menu_remove=label Removes menu item from Hijack menu. Works for all menu items.
Example: "menu_remove=Knob Rotate Redefinition"
suppress_notify=1 For use with [output]notify=1 to suppress notify/dhcp serial port output.
PopUp1=name Used to name popups defined in IR_Translate section, EX: "PopUp2=Tweak" renames PopUp2 menu to "Tweak" instead.
max_connections=4 Maximum number of simultaneous ftp/http connections (default shown).
kftpd_control_port=21 kftpd control port (default shown)
0 to disable ftp access.
kftpd_data_port=20 kftpd data port (default shown).
kftpd_password=xxxxx Require FTP password, replace x's with password.
kftpd_verbose=1 kftpd verbosity. If on, Hijack FTP server will log all accesses to the kernel log facility, which on the Empeg just dumps to the serial port (connect something to the serial port to see the log messages as they occur). If you want better record keeping, install (or write/install) a syslog daemon onto the player, and configure it to do whatever you want, like remote log spooling or whatever.
rootdir_dotdot=1 Causes '..' to appear in FTP/HTTP directory listings of "/" (the top-level directory).
time_offset=nnn Adjusts the time offset for the "Clock" virtual button code. Since the Player software does not pass timezone information to the kernel, the time may appear wrong when the "Clock" virtual button code is used. This offset is specified in minutes, and can be preceeded with a minus sign if need be.
kftpd_show_dotfiles=1 Shows '.*' in all directory listings.
khttpd_port=80 khttpd port (default shown).
0 to disable http access.
khttpd_verbose=1 khttpd verbosity. If on, Hijack HTTP server will log all accesses to the kernel log facility, which on the Empeg just dumps to the serial port (connect something to the serial port to see the log messages as they occur). If you want better record keeping, install (or write/install) a syslog daemon onto the player, and configure it to do whatever you want, like remote log spooling or whatever.
khttpd_dirs=0 Prevents HTTP directory browsing/listing. Defaults ON otherwise.
khttpd_files=0 Prevents HTTP file downloading except for "streaming". As of Hijack v202, access to any files ending in .htm, .html, .gif, .jpg, .png, .xsl, .jar, .js, and/or .css is allowed when khttpd_files is set to 0. Defaults ON if option is not specified.
khttpd_playlists=0 Prevents HTTP playlist browsing/playing. Defaults ON otherwise enabling "?.html" or "?.m3u" functionality.
khttpd_commands=0 Disallows HTTP Hijack commands passing through http. Defaults on otherwise enabling "?commands" capability.
khttpd_show_dotfiles=1 Shows '.*' in all directory listings.
khttpd_style=xxxxxx.xsl Defines the full path to the .xsl template (style sheet), with extension, for Hijack to look for for XML formatting. If this option is not specified, Hijack looks for /default.xsl.
VolAdjLow=0x1800,100,0x1000,25,60 Default value shown. More info soon.
VolAdjMed=0x2000,409,0x1000,27,70 Default value shown. More info soon.
VolAdjHigh=0x2000,3000,0xc00,30,80 Default value shown. More info soon.
volume_boost_FM=nnn Increases or decreases the volume from the current setting when in FM mode. Say you're listening to MP3's in the player and when you switch to FM radio, it's always quite and you have to turn the volume up, this is how you'd make the adjustment automatic. (patch initially provided by Genexia)

nnn is a number between -100 and 100 (i.e. -100 <= nnn <= 100). Each step of boost or cut is approximately 0.5dB if your normal volume is in the range of -25dB to -3dB.
volume_boost_AM=nnn Same as above for AM radio.
-100 <= nnn <= 100
volume_boost_AUX=nnn Same as above for AUX input.
-100 <= nnn <= 100
volume_boost_MP3=nnn Same as above for the player (MP3).
-100 <= nnn <= 100
disable_bassboost_FM=1 Removes the additional +6dB bass boost that Mk2/Mk2a players apply on the FM input.
stalk_debug=1 Enables the dump out of all intercepted/generated Sony stalk packets.

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·  What does ir_translate do and how do I configure it?
 (Entry last updated on July 30th, 2002)

The ir_translate function of the Hijack Kernel is one of it's most powerful features. It allows you to completely remap any button/knob on the empeg/RioCar, the Rio Remote, the Kenwood remote, or ANY remote that the empeg/RioCar's IR sensor can detect to any other button on the empeg/RioCar or it's remotes. Want a long press of the bottom button to switch between the Tuner and the Player instead of between Info and Visual modes? Want to use a third party steering wheel remote to control your player? Ir_translate is how you'd do it. It also allows you to define 4 of your own PopUp menus that you can organize how you'd like, and they can even be nested.

Basics
All ir_translate options go under the [ir_translate] section that you add to the bottom of the config.ini file, and will take effect immediately after you sync.

Ir_translate uses the following format, where xxxxxxxx is the hexidecimal code that you want translated to yyyyyyyy, and anything following ";" is a comment and is ignored. To find the hex codes, use the "Button Codes Display" option in the Hijack Menu, as is described here. There is a list of the more common codes at the bottom of this FAQ entry.

[ir_translate]
xxxxxxxx=yyyyyyyy	;comment
Button macros (single button translated to a sequence of buttons) are also possible. These get defined by supplying multiple "new" codes on a line, as in:
[ir_translate]
xxxxxxxx=yyyyyyyy                     ;this button just sends "y"
xxxxxxxx=yyyyyyyy,zzzzzzzz,wwwwwwww   ;this button sends "y", then "z", then "w"
Modifiers
Hijack allows modifiers for the button codes so that certain codes will only be translated in certain instances.
Here is a quick reference list of available modifiers.
Modifier Action Notes
.L Long press One second or more, should be placed before short presses of the same code
.S Shift Lock
.N Not shifted Opposite of .S, Applies on Left side of =
.T Tuner Left of = only
.A Aux Left of = only
.M Main/mp3/player Left of = only
.C Car/DC Left of = only
.H Home/AC Left of = only
.U Menus are active Right of = only
.N Menus are not active Opposite of .U, Applies on Right side of =
The .L (Long) modifier turns a short/regular button press into a long (one second or more) button press and can be used on either side of the = sign. Note that order is important! When processing button presses, the translator searches in top-down order, and stops as soon as a match is found. So, placing a .L translation after a plain translation of the same button will have no effect -- the .L will never match when specified in that sequence. If there is a long and short press of the same button, the LONG press should always be specified first. Examples:
[ir_translate]
xxxxxxxx.L=vvvvvvvv		; (L)ong press of "x", send "v"
xxxxxxxx=zzzzzzzz			; short/normal of "x", send "z"
and
[ir_translate]
xxxxxxxx.L=yyyyyyyy.L		; long press of "x", send long press of "y"
aaaaaaaa=yyyyyyyy,vvvvvvvv.L	; any press of "a", send short-"y", long-"v"
The .S modifier specifies a shift lock state. When used on an "old" code (left of the = sign), the translation only applies when the shift lock state is active. The default state is not active, and can be toggled at will using translations which include a .S modifier on a value to the right of the = sign. You could use a shift lock to virtually double the number of buttons on a remote. Example:
[ir_translate]
xxxxxxxx=null.S      ; "x" toggles "shift lock" state, and sends null (more on null later)
yyyyyyyy=yyyyyyyy.S  ; "y" toggles the "shift lock" state, as well as sending "y"
zzzzzzzz.S=aaaaaaaa  ; this translation applies only when the "shift lock" is active
The .N modifier, when used on the LEFT side of the = sign, means Not shifted.

By using one of the .T (Tuner), .A (Aux), or .M (Main/mp3) modifiers, translations can also be made specific to a particular input source of the player, as a modifier on the "old" code. If you don't specify one, then the translation applies to all. Example:
[ir_translate]
xxxxxxxx.A=vvvvvvvv	; if in (A)UX mode, on press of "x" send "v"
xxxxxxxx.LT=yyyyyyyy	; if in (T)uner mode, on long press of "x" send "y"
xxxxxxxx.M=zzzzzzzz	; if in (M)ain/mp3 mode, on press of "x" send "z" 
The .C (Car/DC) and .H (Home/AC) modifiers can be used on the left of the = sign to specify button behaviors specific to car and/or home usage, as in:
[ir_translate]
xxxxxxxx.C=yyyyyyyy	; if in (C)ar, on "x" send "y"
xxxxxxxx.HM=yyyyyyyy.L	; if at (H)ome AND in (M)ain, on "x" send (L)ong "y"
There are also .U (menus are Up/active) and .N (menus are Not active) modifiers. .U can only be used on the right side of the = sign, and .N only means Not active when on the right side of the = sign. This is useful for bypassing a translation while in a menu. For instance, if you wanna alter a long press of the bottom button on the front panel, but don't want to loose it's functionality in the menu system. These also work for Hijack's PopUp menus. Example:
[ir_translate]
xxxxxxxx.L=yyyyyyyy.N,xxxxxxxx.LU
; on (L)ong "x", send "y" if menu (N)OT active, send (L)ong "x" if (U)p/Active.
and
[ir_translate]
xxxxxxxx=popup0.N, menu.U
; on "x", PopUp menu0, when in menu "x" means OK.
The fact that there are two .N modifiers is a bit confusing, but it boils down to this:
.N to the left of the = means Not shifted (opposite of .S).

.N to the right of the = means menus Not active (opposite of .U).
The various modifiers can all be combined (any sequence) in ingenious ways to produce a variety of IR behaviours.

Symbolic Names
As of Hijack v152, you can now use Symbolic Button names to correspond to the buttons on the Rio remote, Kenwood remote, and the buttons on the face of the empeg/RioCar. So instead of:
[ir_translate]
000006=20df14	; make "bottom" button act as "info"
you could also write it as:
[ir_translate]
Bottom=Info	; make "bottom" button act as "info"
(also note that leading zeroes can be stripped off if desired, i.e. "0020df14" is the same as "20df14")

The full list of Symbolic Button Names is as follows (organized by origin):
Rio Remote Kenwood Remote empeg/RioCar Face      Fakes        Sony Stalk  
Source AM Top PopUp0 KOff
Power FM Bottom PopUp1 KSOff
Time Direct Bottom PopUp1 KSource
One * Left PopUp2 KSSource
Artist Star Right PopUp3 KAtt
Two Radio KnobLeft VolAdjLow KSAtt
Album Auxiliary KnobRight VolAdjMed KFront
Three Tape Knob VolAdjHigh KSFront
Four Player BassAdj KNext
Genre CD TrebleAdj KSNext
Five CDMDCH VolAdjOff KPrev
Year DNPP KnobSeek KSPrev
Six Clock KVolUp
Repeat NextSrc KSVolUp
Seven VolAdj KVolDown
Swap HijackMenu KSVolDown
Eight Initial KRear
Title null KSRear
Nine Visual- KBottom
Shuffle KSBottom
Zero
Tuner
SelMode
SelectMode
Cancel
Mark
Search
Sound
Equalizer
PrevTrack
Prev
Track-
NextTrack
Next
Track+
Ok
Menu
VolDown
Vol-
VolUp
Vol+
Detail
Info
Visual+
Visual
Pause
Play
Hush
Notes:
Symbolic names are not case sensative. "Album" is the Hijack name for the #3 "Source" button. Most of the others are self-explanatory, but a few of the special ones are dealt with further in the text below. One useful pseudo-button is the NextSrc button, which does not exist on the standard remotes. This button code toggles among the available sound sources, Player -> Tuner -> Aux, and skips over the Tuner if one is not installed. "Clock" causes a 4-second popup window to appear with the current time/date in it (which can be offset with the "time_offset" option in config.ini). All of the button names should work as well as the hex codes, and are prefered. However, if the name doesn't work just use the hex code.

Sony Stalk Info
As of v245, Hijack now includes full support for the Sony Stalk interface. If you have a Sony "Rotary Commander" RM-X4S connected to a Tuner module, then Hijack can intercept and translate the various buttons on the device, similar to the way it handles buttons on the IR remotes.

The Stalk has ten individual buttons, plus a shift function, giving a total of twenty assignable actions. These can be referenced in the [ir_translate] section using the button "names" shown in the table above.

On the stalk, buttons pressed while the "Vol" knob is pressed in equate to a "shifted" button. All of the names beginning with "KS" designate a "shifted" button press. In this way, the "shift" function of the Stalk is kept distinct from the "shift state" functionality of Hijack's pre-existing [ir_translate] functionality.

The Front, Bottom, and Rear names refer to the three unlabelled buttons on the Stalk. Next and Prev refer to the Seek rotary, and the rest are pretty much as factory labelled on the Stalk. Hijack automatically compensates for "left" mounted operations, which can be specified in config.ini using Emplode.

Initial Button Sequences
Also available is support for initial sequences of button presses to be run as soon as the player starts up. This is specified using Initial= lines, possibly with .C, .H, and/or input source modifiers. Example:
[ir_translate]
initial.CTA=xxxxxxxx,yyyyyyyy
;If in (C)ar in (T)uner or (A)ux, when player starts, send "x" then "y"
For this to work, however, you must also have these two lines together in config.ini:
[output]
notify=1
PopUp Menus
"PopUp" menus can be defined and then attached to any button (except the knob). Up to four PopUp's can be defined: PopUp0, PopUp1, PopUp2, and PopUp3. PopUp0 is slightly special, in that (1) it is the only menu that can be bound to the knob button, and (2) the most recently used Car/Home menu positions are saved/restored over power cycles for convenience. Here is the recommended way to get started with PopUps:
[ir_translate]
PopUp0=Info,Mark,Repeat,SelMode,Shuffle,Source,Tuner,Visual
This creates a PopUp menu for the most commonly needed Rio-Remote buttons for situations when the remote is unavailable (usually in the car). To attach this menu to the "quick knob press" (as was the default until v154), just go into the main Hijack menu and select "PopUp0" in the "Knob Press Redefinition" menu. This restores the pre-v154 behaviour. If you want to assign a PopUp menu to a button other than the knob, then just translate it:
[ir_translate]
PopUp0=Shuffle,Info,Mark,Swap,Repeat,SelectMode,NextSrc
Bottom.L=PopUp0      ; long press of front-panel bottom button pops up a menu
And for the real hacker types, here is a more complex example, featuring nested menus:
[ir_translate]
PopUp0=Shuffle,Info,Mark,Swap,Repeat,SelectMode,NextSrc,PopUp1,Search
PopUp1=Time,Artist,Album,Genre,Year,Cancel,PopUp0
Bottom.LU=PopUp1	; long press of bottom button when menus are up, PopUp1
Bottom.LN=PopUp0	; long press of bottom button when not in menus, PopUp0
Items on a PopUp menu are never translated, which means they are restricted to sending a single button code at a time. While it might be useful sometimes to have a menu item send multiple button codes, this was not possible to implement in any reasonable fashion inside Hijack, so it ain't there.

The PopUp menus can be given different names as follows:
[hijack]
PopUp1=Tweak    ; rename PopUp1 menu to "Tweak" instead
Note that this is done in the [hijack] section of config.ini, not the [ir_translate] section. Names are restricted to eight characters or less, so that they will fit in the PopUp box on screen when activated.

Timing of IR Translations
The IR translator normally delays sending the final "release" of a translation sequence until you actually release the physical button. If you want the final release code to not wait for you to let go of the button, then append a "null" button code to the end of the new sequence. Null is the symbolic name for "0xffffff".
[ir_translate]
; Pioneer CD-SR80 remote
AD5240.L=Top.L,null       ; long press of up button = standby
Verifying Translations
If you are unsure whether or not your translations are being accepted, then connect to the serial port and then restart the player. The IR translations that were in ERROR will be dumped out during startup, and a pop up window will show on the empeg/RioCar to indicate errors. See this FAQ entry for details on how to use hyperterminal to connect with the serial port.

Reference for Commonly Used Remotes
Rio Remote (ERC-1A) codes:

	20DF00     ;1/Time
	20DF01     ;2/Artist
	20DF02     ;3/Source
	20DF03     ;Source/Power
	20DF04     ;4
	20DF05     ;5/Genre
	20DF06     ;6/Year
	20DF07     ;Tuner-Bank
	20DF08     ;7/Repeat
	20DF09     ;8/Swap
	20DF0A     ;9/Title
	20DF0B     ;Select Mode
	20DF0C     ;Cancel/Mark
	20DF0D     ;0/Shuffle
	20DF0E     ;Search
	20DF0F     ;Sound/EQ
	20DF10     ;Prev-Rew
	20DF11     ;Next/Ffwd
	20DF12     ;Menu(OK)
	20DF13     ;Volume+
	20DF14     ;Info/Details
	20DF15     ;Visual/VisFavs
	20DF16     ;PlayPause/Hush
	20DF17     ;Volume-

Kenwood Remote (RCA-R6A) codes:

	b94600     ;0
	b94601     ;1
	b94602     ;2
	b94603     ;3
	b94604     ;4
	b94605     ;5
	b94606     ;6
	b94607     ;7
	b94608     ;8
	b94609     ;9
	b9460A     ;PrevTrack
	b9460B     ;NextTrack
	b9460C     ;AM
	b9460D     ;FM
	b9460E     ;Prog
	b9460F     ;DirecT
	b94614     ;Volume+
	b94615     ;Volume-
	b9461B     ;Star *
	b9461C     ;Tuner
	b9461D     ;Tape
	b9461E     ;CD
	b9461F     ;CD-MD-CH
	b9465E     ;DNPP

Front panel codes:

	000000     ;Top
	000002     ;Right
	000004     ;Left
	000006     ;Bottom
	000008     ;Knob pressed
	00000a     ;Knob Right
	00000b     ;Knob Left

Pioneer CD-SR80 Steering Wheel Remote codes:

	AD520A     ;Volume up
	AD520B     ;Volume down
	AD520C     ;ATT
	AD5212     ;Band
	AD521A     ;Source
	AD5240     ;Up Arrow
	AD5241     ;Down Arrow
	AD5242     ;Left Arrow
	AD5243     ;Right Arrow
	AD5219     ;Func
	AD520D     ;Audio

Kenwood KCA-RC600/700 Remotes

	b9460A     ;PrevTrack 
	b9460B     ;NextTrack 
	b9460C     ;AM 
	b9460D     ;FM 
	b94613     ;src 
	b94614     ;Volume+ 
	b94615     ;Volume- 
	b94616     ;att 

Sample ir_translate
Here's a chunk of the ir_translate setup I use for my Pioneer CD-SR80 steering wheel remote
[ir_translate]
; The shift key
AD520C.L=play.L,null		; press and hold "ATT" = hush
AD520C=null.S			; "ATT" = Shift Key
; "Func" sends two codes for no reason, this ignores them
AF5067=null
80AF5067=null
; Map the directional buttons to mimic those on the front panel
AD5240.L=20DF03.L,null		; long press of top button = standby
AD5240=Top
AD5241.L=Bottom.L,null		; long press of bottom button = toggle visual/info
AD5241=Bottom
AD5242.LT=20DF10.L,null		;in Tuner, Long left press scans back
AD5242.T=20DF10			;in Tuner, left press seeks back
AD5242.M=PrevTrack.N,Left.U
AD5243.LT=20DF11.L,null		;in Tuner, Long right press scans forward
AD5243.T=20DF11			;in Tuner, left press seeks forward
AD5243.M=NextTrack.N,Right.U
; Volume Up / Down
AD520A=VolUp,VolUp
AD520B=VolDown,VolDown
; Band Button
AD5212.T=Tuner			; if in Tuner, toggle AM / FM
AD5212.LM=Artist,null		; long press if in Player, tweak Artist
AD5212.M=Shuffle			; if in Player, toggle shuffle
; Source Button
AD521A.LM=Album,null		; if in Player, tweak Source (Album)
AD521A=NextSrc			; switch to next source
; Func Button
AD5219=Visual			; switch to next visual
; Audio Button
AD520D.LM=Info.L,null		; long press if in Player, display track details
AD520D=Info			; switch info mode
PHEW!!!!

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·  How do I access the built in FTP server, and what can I do with it?
 (Entry last updated on February 18th, 2014)

The Hijack kernel includes KFTPD, a kernel based FTP server. Simply point your favorite FTP client to the IP address of your empeg/RioCar, and login. You will automatically be logged in as root, and no login or password are required. You can browse the directories at will. You can also issue SITE commands, as you'll see below.

NOTE: By default, the Hijack FTP and HTTP servers only run when the player is in AC/HOME mode. If you are having trouble accessing these features, check to make sure the player isn't in DC/CAR mode.

Since the hard drives are mounted Read Only (RO) on bootup, you won't be able to upload/write to the drives until you issue a Readable/Writeable (RW) command. Here's a sample session using a command line client:

ftp xx.xx.xx.xx      <----- player's IP address or DNS hostname
user:                (hit enter)
password:            (hit enter, unless you have set up a password)
site rw
cd /drive0
put afile
mput morefiles*
site chmod 0755 executablefile
site ro
quit
Note the RO command at the end of the session. Don't forget to remount your drives Read Only before you logout or you could mess stuff up (descriptive i know... details forthcoming).

Different FTP clients issue commands in different ways. Here's a quick breakdown on some of the most popular FTP clients:

Windows FTP.EXE:
SITE commands need to be prefixed by either "literal" or "quote".
For example, a (useless) session might look like this:
ftp> open 192.168.1.10
ftp> login: [enter]
ftp> password: [enter]
ftp> LITERAL SITE RW
ftp> LITERAL SITE RO
ftp> quit

(LITERAL can be substituted with QUOTE if desired)
CuteFTP:
You have to create a Custom Command with CuteFTP, as follows:
1. Select Commands -> Custom Commands -> Define from the menu bar.
2. Type a name identifier in the Label field, we'll do "RW" for an example.
3. Enter the command text in the Command Text field, which would be "SITE RW".
4. Enter an optional hot key in the Hot Key field. The command can be executed using Control+Shift plus this hot key.
5. Click the Add button.
The commands will be saved and you can access them with the menus or the hot key you set up.

WS_FTP:
After you are logged in, right click in the Remote Site window, select FTP Commands -> SITE, and type the command (i.e. RW, RO, etc) and click [OK].

Most FTP clients have the ability to issue commands, so poke around if your client isn't shown here. If sending plain SITE commands don't work, try prefixing it with QUOTE or LITERAL. Or you could always read the client's help file. =D

Commands
Here's a list of the ftp commands Hijack utilizes with descriptions:
Command Usage/Description
SITE RW Example:
SITE RW

Remounts /, /drive0, /drive1 for Read-Write access.
SITE RO Example:
SITE RO

Remounts all RW mounted drives to Read Only access.
SITE CHMOD Example:
SITE CHMOD 0755 executablefile

Standard Change Mode command to alter file permissions.
SITE REBOOT Example:
SITE REBOOT

Reboots player, but issues SITE RO before doing so.
SITE POPUP Example:
SITE POPUP 10 This is a popup message.

Displays a timed message on the display.
Format is: SITE POPUP [timeInSeconds] [message]
This is useful for userland apps to display messages easily.
SITE BUTTON Example:
SITE BUTTON Play
SITE BUTTON 20DF14.L

Issues remote button commands. Works with .L modifier for Long presses.
SITE HELP Example:
SITE HELP

Displays the list of SITE commands that Hijack understands... which should be all the ones listed here.
Multiple SITE commands can be issued at once, separated by semi-colons.

You can use FTP to update the kernal, which is described in the FTP section of the "How do I install Hijack" FAQ entry.

For FTP configuration options, check out the kftpd_control_port, kftpd_data_port, kftpd_password, and kftpd_verbose commands in the config.ini FAQ entry.

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·  How do I access the built in web (HTTP) server, and what can I do with it?
 (Entry last updated on February 18th, 2014)

Working on it... but to get you going, just point your browser to the IP address of your empeg followed by "?playlists". For example:

http://192.168.1.10?playlists
That should get you to the default playlist listings layout that Mark has included in Hijack. Clicking "Stream" will send an m3u file to your default mp3 player and stream the playlist/track that is selected. Clicking "Play" will play the selected playlist/track on the player. "Tags" displays the associated tag information in the database. Clicking a playlist name allows you to navigate the tree, and clicking a track name should download the MP3 to your computer.

Support for XML and XSL templates are built in to Hijack. For the time being do a search on the BBS for more info on this topic.

NOTE: By default, the Hijack FTP and HTTP servers only run when the player is in AC/HOME mode. If you are having trouble accessing these features, check to make sure the player isn't in DC/CAR mode.

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·  How can I secure my player if i'm on a LAN?
 (Entry last updated on March 8th, 2002)

In Mark's own words:

For security, I recommend that everybody on a vulnerable LAN (pretty much anything where others have access) use the following config.ini settings with Hijack:

[hijack]
;@WORK disable_emplode=1
;@WORK kftpd_password=N0h4cK3rz
;@WORK khttpd_files=0
;@WORK khttpd_commands=0
In addition, if you want a static IP at home, and dynamic IP at work, use something similar to the following:
[Network]
Gateway=10.0.0.1
Netmask=255.0.0.0
IPAddress=10.0.0.8
;@WORK DHCP=1
;@HOME DHCP=0
DHCP=0
Once you place these lines (either or both sets) into config.ini and reboot the player, the Hijack menu will have a Home/Work Location menu item, which allows selecting which group of settings to use (the default is ;@HOME).

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·  Why am I getting a "Hijack Config Error" message at boot up?
 (Entry last updated on March 19th, 2002)

This message pops up to let you know there's something wrong with your config.ini file... which generally means one of two things.

1. You're experiencing the "favorite visuals" bug in 2.0b11. See this FAQ entry for details.

2. You have something in the [Hijack] or [ir_translate] section of your config.ini that Hijack doesn't like. It could either be a typo, or that you are using an option that doesn't work with your current version of Hijack. Some options have been removed or altered in the newest versions of Hijack, so make sure you check the config.ini options table to see if the commands you are using are current. I remove options from the table that have been removed from Hijack. It may not have every option from the newest release, but it definitely won't have options that are outdated.

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·  Why doesn't the temperature ever change in 'Vital Signs'?
 (Entry last updated on July 21st, 2003)

Chances are that your temperature sensor inside the empeg/RioCar is broken or never worked. The sensor was never used in any version of the player software as it was known that they were flakey (or "pants" =), so no reason to worry about it affecting your empeg/RioCar's performance.

If you are super desperate to replace the sensor for some reason, Hugo provided the following info on the chip:

It's a SO-8W dallas DS1821S, ISTR it's somewhere just behind the RAM chips - quite a wide chip.

It's surface mount, and so not desparately easy to replace; you may be able to get free samples from www.maxim-ic.com though. Personally, I wouldn't bother replacing it, as it doesn't really perform any useful function wrt to player operation!

Hugo

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·  What are the Patch files for (as opposed to the .zimage files)?
 (Entry last updated on March 8th, 2002)

A .patch file is a description of the differences between two other files or tree of files, typically two different versions of program source code. By applying the .patch file, using the patch program, against one version you can generate the other version. Since the .patch file generally is much smaller than the full source code, it is much more efficient to distribute .patch files when a change to the source is made than to redistribute the entire source.

You only need the .patch files if you intend to compile your own kernel. In that case you also need the original kernel source code to start from. It's available in the linux-v2.00b11.tar.bz2 file at the Hijack web site (exact name may change, but it'll be on the format linux-v.tar.bz2). .bz2 is a compression format that gives even higher compression than .zip or .gz. The tools (bzip2/bunzip2) are normally included in Linux distributions and are available for Windows here from the Redhat source site or included in the Cygwin tool kit.

-entry by Michael Tempsch

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·  I can't get the Restore Visuals feature to work!
 (Entry last updated on September 15th, 2002)

The Restore DC/Car Visuals feature is meant to toggle the screen back to a visual screen (rather than a text screen) when you start the player in your car.

If you have enabled this feature but it does not seem to be working, please do the following:

First, make sure you're using the player software version 2.0 beta 13 or later, and that you are running the Hijack kernel version 293 or later.

Then, make sure that you have selected one text mode (such as Info:Track) and one visual mode (such as Info:Transient) directly from the player's main menu while it's running in the car.

Then, make sure you've actually enabled the Restore DC/Car Visuals feature from the Hijack's menu screen. After that, it should work on every reboot in the car.

If it still doesn't work, try adding the following entries to your config.ini file (instructions for editing the config.ini can be found here):

[hijack]
suppress_notify=1
[output]
notify=1
[serial]
car_rate=115200


Note that the above is a bit of overkill, at the current time we don't know which one of the lines above will fix the problem. It is possible that only one or two of them is necessary. More research is needed on this topic.

If it still doesn't work, please check to make sure that you have not forced the player into AC/Home mode using the Force AC/DC Power Mode feature in Hijack. Also check to make sure that your player does not have the AC power sensor switch problem.

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·  What other Userland Apps have been made to work with Hijack?
 (Entry last updated on February 28th, 2002)

Left/Right Time Alignment Hack by Christian Hack
Sets a timed delay to the left or right channel in 0.1ms increments. Included in Hijack as of v.201

Check this thread for details.

empeg-preinit by Bitt Faulk
A small shim that lies under the normal empeg's init process that forks off any processes that might need to start on boot. It relies on Hijack versions v160 and higher (for their ability to find /sbin/hijack before and instead of /sbin/init).

It looks for the directory /etc/preinit.d (which the install creates), and runs any scripts found in that directory (in no particular order, which will be fixed in a future release).

See this thread for more details.

Lojack by Geoff Nicol
A set of web pages that allows you to view and control the empeg/RioCar either via an image of the front panel or images of the Rio and Kenwood remotes.

See this site for details.

kload by Geoff Nicol
A set of scripts that allows you to associate .zimage files to automatically upload and install when opened or double clicked in Windows. Also uses Trevor Man's Find Empeg utility.

See this site for details.

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·  How can I compensate Mark Lord for this work of genius?
 (Entry last updated on February 17th, 2002)

In Mark's own words:

"I have two incoming Paypal accounts, but don't feel obligated in any way.

creditcard payments go to paypal@rtr.ca
cash payments go to mlord@pobox.com"

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·  How do I adjust the VolAdj settings, and what do they mean?
 (Entry last updated on March 6th, 2002)

Working on it...

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·  FAQ Changelog
 (Entry last updated on July 30th, 2002)

11-03-2002
-created changelog.
-added docked serial info in notify=1 section of config.ini entry.
-added basic HTTP server info.

13-03-2002
-added BassAdj and TrebleAdj to Virtual Button Codes in config.ini entry, implemented in v239
-removed dance=xxxx options from config.ini as it was removed in v238
-added Button Illumination Level in menu items entry
-added note about front/back time delay not being possible in hardware
-added one: Bass Adjust and Tone: Treble Adjust to the menu items entry
-added a paragraph to the "What is the Hijack Kernel" entry.
-added Jemplode option to autoupdate entry
-added symbolic names table with updated info

17-03-2002
-removed notify=1 requirement from Tone Controls in menu description section

19-03-2002
-added "Hijack Config Error" entry.

23-03-2002
-added popUp info to .U and .N modifiers in ir_translate section, thanks to a find by Bruno

24-03-2002
-added volume_boost and disable_bassboost_FM info to the config.ini entry, which was added in Hijack 247.
-added Power, Hush, Equalizer and Visual- (which is for the Stalk) to the symbolic names table in the ir_translate entry.
-added buttonled_off option in config.ini table.
-added Sony Stalk info to the ir_translate and config.ini entries. (note to self... figure out what stalk_rhs and stalk_lhs do in config.ini and add that info)

02-04-2002
-fixed "supress_notify" to "suppress_notify", as it was fixed in v252

30-07-2002
-strike through on button_pacing in config.ini section

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